Bonn Challenge:
- The Bonn Challenge is a global effort to restore 150 million hectares of the world's degraded and deforested lands by 2020.
- It was hosted and launched by Germany and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in Bonn on 2 September 2011, in collaboration with the Global Partnership on Forest/Landscape Restoration and targets delivery on the Rio Conventions and other outcomes of the 1992 Earth Summit.
- As at 2013 over 20 million hectares of land had been pledged for restoration from countries including Brazil, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Rwanda, and the United States.
- South Korea, Costa Rica, Pakistan, China, Rwanda and Brazil have embarked on successful landscape restoration programs.
- The IUCN estimates that fulfilling the goals of the Bonn challenge would create approximately $84 billion per year in net benefits that could positively affect income opportunities for rural communities.
- It is also estimated that a reduction of the current carbon dioxide emissions gap by 11-17% will be achieved by meeting the challenge.
- Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa pledge has the distinction of being the first sub-national pledge, the first pledge to be fully implemented, and the first pledge to be increased.
- 'Billion Tree Tsunami' is an initiative in that direction.
- Bonn challenge will address the issue of economic security, water security, food security and climate change.
- Landscape restoration through Bonn Challenge augments the international commitments to Climate Change.
- The restoration of 150 million hectares of the world's degraded and deforested lands by 2020 will help in sequestration of 1 billion metric ton of carbon dioxide which will reduce the current emission gap by 20%.
- The African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative fits within the Bonn Challenge and has a goal of having 100 million hectares in the process of restoring by 2030.
- 28 African countries have made a total commitment of 113 million hectares to the initiative.
- Ethiopia has made the largest single commitment with 1t million hectares.
- Franklin's Prime Minister announced in May 2019 the country had set a goal of planting 4 billion trees in 2019 alone.
